Solar and solar-terrestrial physics
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Realization of experiment on studying spectral and temporal characteristics of the neutron fluxes of a solar and terrestrial origin.


It is known, that neutrons in an atmosphere result from interaction of initial space radiation with nucleus of atoms of air. Under action of space radiation in an atmosphere of the Earth neutrons in a wide range energy are formed.
Other source of generation of neutrons the Sun.
In our researches it is shown, that a source of neutrons may be seismic activity of the Earth.
We have shown, that there is a high correlation between seismic energy and neutron fluxes during large solar flares. In particular, we have found out, that the amplitude of Forbush decreases registered by the neu-tron monitor, depends not only from processes on the Sun and the inter-planetary space, but also from the seismic energy release from earth-quakes. Thus appeared, that indications of the neutron monitor located near to an epicenter of earthquake, essentially differ from indications of other devices, that is before large earthquakes neutron fluxes on the Earth are increased. Thus the value of seismic energy is directly connected to these fluxes. The power spectrum of these neutrons covers a range from ther-mal up to energy several MeV.
The conclusion about neutrons of a terrestrial origin was confirmed with other researchers. These facts specify that near to an earth-crust there is a field of thermal neutrons value of which depends on seismic activity of the Earth. II. For the further studying interconnections between solar and seismic activity and studying a nature of the neutron radiation registered on a surface of the Earth, realization of experiment on studying spectral and temporal characteristics of the neutron fluxes of a solar and terrestrial origin is supposed. For this purpose the following experimental installations (devices) will be used:

A) The experimental devices working in laboratory conditions:
The neutron monitor consisting of proportional counters in the quantity 23 piece, filled by gas 3He (length ~ 1 m), surrounded with polyethylene plates element (in this case neutrons with energy of about several MeV are registered). The mass of the device is 100 kg.
Two neutron monitors similar to those which are described in the previous point, but without polyethylene delay element (thermal neu-trons).
For registration of anisotropy of the neutron fluxes experimental devices establish one on another and between them place a sheet of cad-mium.
B) For more reliable definition of a nature of neutrons we simulta-neously establish the neutron monitors described in the previous project in seismic zones. In the device gasdischarge counters of thermal neutron radiation are applied to registration of neutrons in the quantity 15 piece, filled by gas 3He. The mass of the device is 10 kg.
C) At the analysis of results of experiment will be used given to a world network of neutron monitors.